IMPORTANCE OF EXCERSISE FOR THE DIABETICS
People who suffer from both type of Diabetes viz. Type I or Type II (or non-insulin dependent), can benefit from regular exercise. However, we will focus on Type II Diabetes as it is the most common form, accounting for over 90% of all Diabetes cases. This form of Diabetes usually develops later in life when cells of the body become insulin resistant. As a result, it becomes harder for the body to regulate blood sugar levels. The three most important tools used to control Diabetes are diet, exercise, and medication. All these must be incorporated into the lifestyle of the diabetic. Healthy eating and /or taking medication alone will not successfully control blood sugar levels. Regular exercise is equally if not more important.
Does exercise affect the blood-sugar level in the body:
During and for several hours after exercise, extra energy is expended by the body. As a result, excess sugar is removed from the blood, and blood sugar levels are reduced. This effect can last as long as 18 to 24 hours after an exercise session.
Relationship between exercise, diabetes and over weight?
Being overweight often results in the body's cells becoming resistant to insulin. Regular exercise helps people reach and maintain a healthy body weight. If healthy habits are not practiced, this resistance can lead to further weight gain. A dangerous cycle quickly develops which, if not broken, often leads to Type II Diabetes as well as several other health problems. Combining regular exercise with a healthy diet not only helps to control Type II Diabetes, but can also help to prevent it from ever developing.
Exercise help the heart:
Exercise plays a role in delaying or preventing the onset of large blood vessel and heart disease, the leading killer of people with Diabetes. Aerobic exercise helps to strengthen the heart and burn fat. A build-up of fat around the heart and within major arteries often results in large blood vessel and/or heart disease, both of which can lead to a heart attack. By exercising regularly, 3-4 times a week, the development of these diseases can be slowed or even prevented.
Exercises recommended for the diabetic:
Any physical activity that raises the heart rate for twenty to thirty minutes and is performed on a regular basis will bring about health benefits. However, walking seems to be the most convenient, safe and beneficial exercise for the majority of people. Depending on a person's abilities, several other activities will burn calories and bring about health benefits. These activities include: gardening, swimming, stationary bicycle riding, and resistance training to strengthen muscles. However, be sure to consult a physician before beginning any exercise program.
Special steps to be taken before beginning an exercise program by a Diabetic:
Diabetics have special needs and concerns that should be addressed before beginning any type of exercise program.
Talk with a Doctor:
Be sure to describe in detail the type of activity you plan on doing including such information as how long the activity will last and how often you will be doing it.
Take care of your feet:
Talk with your physician about how to prevent and treat any sort of injury to your legs or feet. As a diabetic, the circulation in your extremities, especially the legs, is reduced. Therefore, a diabetic is more prone to infection and injury of the feet and legs. This should not prevent you from beginning an exercise program, but it is an important fact to always keep in mind.
Always carry some identification:
In case of an emergency, be sure to always wear or carry something that identifies you as a diabetic, especially when exercising.
Carry a Carbohydrate:
While exercising; it is possible, even with non-diabetics, for blood sugar levels to drop too low. That is why it is a good idea to carry some type of carbohydrate that can easily be absorbed by the body. For e.g. a glass of orange juice. If you feel your blood sugar has become too low, stop exercising and eat a snack.
Test your blood sugar level:
You should get into the habit of testing your blood sugar level regularly.
Do not exercise under stress:
Avoid exercising when your body is under stress, physical or mental, as blood glucose levels can be irregular during these times.
Exercise with a friend:
Exercising with a friend helps to motivate and protect you. Should an emergency situation develop, it is a good idea to have a friend with you who understands your special needs as a diabetic. If you don't have a friend to workout with, avoid exercising in isolated areas. Try to limit your workout to places where people are around and able to help you in case of an emergency (health clubs, parks, or your neighborhood).
It is important for diabetics to keep their abilities as well as limitations in mind when designing an exercise program. The few special steps that diabetics must take before exercising should not outweigh the crucial benefits they receive from exercise. By incorporating a healthy diet, proper medication, and especially regular exercise into their lifestyle, diabetics can live each day to the fullest.
Cause of hypoglycemia (Low blood sugar):
Too much insulin or anti-diabetic tablets, missing a meal, too much exercise or diarrhea can all cause hypoglycemia.
Hyperglycemia and the symptoms:
Tremors, sweating, anxiety, hot and cold sensation, hunger, weakness and palpitation maybe the early symptoms of hypoglycemia. Headache, blurred or double vision and numbness around the lips or tongue can occur. There may also be changes in the mood or behavior which maybe more obvious to people in the family who are close to the person affected. If left untreated, it could lead to confusion, drowsiness and coma.
Hypoglycemia - is more serious then high blood sugar level:
Hypoglycemia is more important because it could result in serious problems and even death, quicker than due to high blood sugar.
Treatment for Hypoglycemia:
Once it is suspected that the person has low blood sugar, any drink containing glucose, e.g.; water, fruit juice or bottled drink mixed with glucose can be given. If the person does not recover, immediate hospitalisation is advised. Relatives and friends should be aware of the symptoms and treatment of low blood sugar.
